State AI Laws in Depth: Colorado, California, Texas, Illinois, NYC, and Beyond

The real AI law of the United States is state law. Colorado’s repeal-and-replace saga, California’s four-statute stack, Texas TRAIGA’s intent-based prohibitions, Illinois and NYC on hiring algorithms, Utah’s disclosure regime, New York’s RAISE Act — and the ten patterns that let you read any new state bill in five minutes.

Content current as of 2026-09.

Lessons

1. Why the states moved first
2. Colorado: the first comprehensive law, repealed before it ever operated
3. California: four statutes, one stack
4. Hiring algorithms: NYC Local Law 144 and Illinois HB 3773
5. Texas TRAIGA, Utah’s disclosure regime, and New York’s RAISE Act
6. The comparison: ten threads and one matrix